Acronym defintion

Sara Ahmad

Professor Jain

Assignment 1:

1) Expand all acronyms on the hour glass

2) Find and read Wikipedia articles on each acronym.

3) Write short (100 word) passage describing each protocol, its main functionality and use. You must provide references to the sources of information but write your answers in your own words (no copy paste). 

HTTP stands for Hypertext transfer Protocol. HTTP is a set of organized set of text that will be accessed with the help of hyperlinks involving something called nodes which will contain text and this will allow for the exchanged and transfer of information through client and server. Which works by using the request and respond method which involves the client which could be any of the internet users sending out a request. This request could be any information on any topic and the HTTP request will then be sent out to the server where the server will respond to the client and provide it with HTML files or resources in form of the information that was requested by the client. This application allows for any user in any location where internet is available to go ahead and access information.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP

SMTP stands for simple mail transfer protocol. SMTP is a connection based and text formatted protocol that allows for a client who will also serve as the mail sender to send out a command involving an electronic message in the form of an email. The client will be converse with the mail recipient by providing command strings and also providing the needed material to be sent. This will all occur over the medium of a dependable organized data stream channel, which in this case will be the transmission control protocol connection.  Basically methods for the transfer of electronic mail across the various IP address networks. Like the HTTP receives its commands from the client the SMTP also receives commands from a specific client to send an email to another person in another location. However when it comes to receiving the emails another method will apply here.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMTP

RTP stands for realtime transport protocol. This is a uniform container arrangement which allows for the delivery of audio and video content over the IP address networks. The entertainment and communications sectors are both highly reliant on this form of transportation which allows for the client to receive both audio and video content over the internet. RTP will guarantee that the content is transported in a timely fashion and that the integrity of the audio and video content is maintained in the process even though certain errors can occur in the process RTP will try to maintain the quality of the content sent to the various IP address networks.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol

DNS stands for domain name system. It is an organized and structured chain of command naming system for all the computers and services that are connected to the internet or any other network. Certain information will be allotted to certain domain names and these domain names will have corresponding IP addresses which will be used to locate that specific domain name. The domain name space is depicted by a tree when the every leaf which have resources records and when the client access information about anything that information which the domain contains will come up for the clients request trying to access information.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS

TCP stands for transmission control Protocol and its function is to supply dependable, error free system of transportation that occurs between various computers which will be connected to the internet. It is used in the transportation of electronic mail and also the transfer of various files and other content from any location to another location. The client will use the TCP to send not just email or other necessary files as well. As we are moving into the realm of the greater reliance on technology we are highly using TCP for various transfers of files and content to anyone in any location, and this is allowing the internet to connect any client in practically in any location.  

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol

UDP stands for User datagram protocol and is one of main components of the internet protocol suite. By the help of UDP it will allow applications to send out a message which is known as the datagram to other hosts or computers on the IP network. Since UDP cannot guarantee the integrity of the message sent it is valuable for those where error arising may not be important, UDP will take the assistance of TCP or even SCTP to provide for a reliable message to be sent. UDP is ideal for those that messages that may be time sensitive but UDP still provides some sort of error checking.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol

IP stands for internet protocol is a main component as of the internet protocol suite and it is responsible for providing addresses to every specific location and also is responsible for the transportation of datagrams from one location to another location in essence this is what allows for the internet to exists by connecting users. And it has two main functions which includes recognizing each of the hosts and then also giving “logical location service”. All of our computers, laptops, cell phones, and other devices have a specific IP addresses that serve as their location and many devices connected to the same ISP can have the same IP address.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol

ICMP stands for internet control message protocol and is also one of the main components that make up the internet protocol suite. One of its functions is to relay messages that arise due to error in connecting over the internet that a service is either not available or for whichever reason cannot connect. The primary users will be network devices like routers for example. When client in York College looks to login to the York College Network and receives in error message saying that it cannot fulfill its request it is the router using the ICMP to send out that message to the client that such a command is not possible for which ever reason.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol

DSL stands for digital subscriber line or was also known as the digital subscriber loop as well. It is a group of technology that will allow the client to have access over the internet. And this will be all possible with the assistance of digital data that will be provided with the physical connection of wires. Many ISP or Internet service providers are classified as DSL. DSL service is transmitted along with traditional phone service on the same exact telephone line however both services the internet and phone service will act independently of each other allowing for better service and simultaneous service. And this in turn allows for client to use the phone and use the internet at the same time.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSL

SONET stands for synchronous optical networking and it works alongside the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy and these are set of “standardized protocols” which allow for the transfer of digital content over the medium of fiber optics with the assistance of lasers and “highly coherent light” from LEDS. Both SONET and SDH work together and it was developed so that it could replace the problem of transferring a large amount of telephone communication or calls over the fiber network. SONET is also responsible for the delivery of ATM, Ethernet, and TCP/IP traffic. STM-1(synchronous transport module) is the essential unite of framing when it comes to the SONET.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SONET

802.11 is a group of media access control (or MAC) and also a physical layer and is component that allows for a Wireless Local Network. This is what allows for the wireless or wifi networks to be established for example in our homes, school, airports and even now at restaurants. Router technology has been changed so there are many models and types of technology that is housed in our routers which are present in our home networks. And the most common type of router are the blue linksys router. Since technology is being revised so fast there should greater technology further.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/802.11

Ethernet usually a wire that allows for a connection, a wired connection between a laptop or any device which has an ethernet port to a router and this will supply a wired internet connection if needed. Ethernet however falls under the category of computer networking technology along with the 802.11 (routers that contain the technology). The Ethernet cable contains many fiber optics and twisted pairs. Initially the transfer of information was  10 megabits per second to 100 gigabits per second. Even though the most affective way to connected to a network is wirelessly the Ethernet cable is still very reliable form of a connection to a network and contains less errors due to the physical connection.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet